**** NOTE***** Part A has all the vocabulary terms listed for the Sample Quiz, but the actual quiz will have a subset of these terms.
| A. Nutrient Cycle | B. Nitrifying Bacteria | C. Nitrogen-fixing Bacteria | D. Nodule | E. Algal Bloom | F. Eutrophication |
| G. Hydrologic Cycle | H. Aquifer | I. Water Table | J. Population Ecology | K. Population Size | L. Natality |
| M. Immigration | N. Mortality | O. Emigration | P. Density- dependent | Q. Density- independent | R. Mutualism |
| S. Commensalis m | T. Competition | U. Predation | V. Herbivory | W. Parasitism | X. Symbiosis |
| Y. Resource Competition |
Z. Interference Competition | AA. Intraspecific Competition | BB. Interspecific Competition | CC. Niche | DD. Competitive Exclusion Principle |
| EE. Primary Succession | FF. Secondary Succession | GG. Ecological Succession | HH. Pioneer Species | JJ. Climax Community | KK. nitrate |
_______ 2. Water flowing between layers of rock characterizes this geological feature.
_______ 3. A form of nitrogen useful to plants.
_______ 4. Rhizobium lives in this structure.
_______ 5. The study of how populations interact with other populations.
_______ 6. An interaction where both species benefit.
_______ 7. An interaction were one animal eats another animal.
_______ 8. This happens when a farm is abandoned and native plants move into the area.
_______ 9. Lichens and mosses are _____ after a glacier retreats.
_______ 10. The portion of the environment occupied by a particular species at a particular time.
B. True/False (3 pts total @ 1/2 pt each). Write the letter "T" if you agree with the statement and the letter "F" if you do not agree.
_______ 11. Animals can get their daily intake of phosphorus without consuming plants.
_______ 12. Plants are unable to use atmospheric nitrogen for metabolism.
_______ 13. Timothy and sweet vernal grass can grow together because they occupy different ecological niches.
_______ 14. The strangler fig is a predator of the other trees in the tropical rainforest.
_______ 15. When a forest in the Rocky Mountains is burned, the pioneer species is Lodgepole pine.
_______ 16. The pioneer species of a new lake are algae.
C. Short Answer (7 pts)
17. (2 pts)What do you think has to happen for an interaction to go from parasitic to mutualistic?
18. (3 pts) Farmers in arid regions such as Arizona and California have converted desert ecosystems into productive agricultural regions. They irrigate their crops by using well water or by diverting water from major waterways such as the Colorado River. Is this a good idea? Why or why not?
19. (3 pts) The abandoned farmland succession example showed the original forest returning after several hundred years. In tropical forests a type of agriculture known as slash &;burn is practiced that is similar to what I talked about in lecture. However, after the nutrients run down in this situation, the area is often converted to rangeland for cattle and after several more years abandoned. One potential outcome of this practice is the conversion of forest to desert. What do you think might account for this interuption in the normal course of ecological succession?