Population and community dynamics
Prairie restoration
   
     
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I have used desert plant communities as a model system to address questions of how the individualistic responses of plants average out in population dynamics. Measuring the distinct responses of individual plants to availability of ecosystem-level variables such as light, water or soil nutrients allows for scaling up to community or landscape level dynamics where we can measure or predict the distribution of such variables. Deserts present a model system for two reasons: 1) all members share a common limiting resource, water, and 2) the clear spatial pattern of desert plants both influences and is influenced by soil resources. This research has highlighted the importance of spatial structure by showing that although competitive effects do not appear to have an overriding effect on the spatial structure of plants within the study site (Miriti et. al 1998), plants that remain at least one canopy distance from conspecific neighbors have a disproportionate contribution to population dynamics (Miriti et. al 2001). Predominant clumped spatial patterns albeit with little demographic contribution suggest a trade-off in the roles of competition and facilitation in plant demography. <top>
Study site at Joshua Tree National Park. Photo by M. Miriti.
Participants of the most recent census of Joshua Tree study site in spring 2004. Pictured from left to right are (back row) Hillary Sweigard, Christina Barba, Pia Sethi, M. Miriti; (front row) Maria Angela Rodriguez, Elaine Hooper, Susana Rodriguez.
         
           
  PRAIRIE RESTORATION        
           
The restoration of human altered, biologically depauperate landscapes to more diverse, functionally intact ecosystems provides an ideal arena in which to test ecological theory while providing practical guidance of direct benefit to public and private sectors. We are conducting series of greenhouse and field experiments to quantify competitive and demographic responses of North American tallgrass prairie species (prairie-natives) as compared to species associated with old-field succession (prairie-invasives) in response to varying levels of available soil nutrients. Our core objective is to test the hypothesis that population-level measures of plant competitive ability are driven by the integrated response of all life-history stages. A key element of our work is to parameterize demographic models of long-term population dynamics for a suite of prairie-native and prairie-invasive species under reduced or elevated soil nitrogen and calcium availability. Comparison of model predictions with results from an experimental prairie restoration will be an important and novel test of current ecological theories of differential resource use among species and the effect these differences have on community composition. <top>